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The Giant Otter Project contributes to international publication that sets priorities for giant otter conservation in South America

We are proud to announce the publication of the book “Assessing an Aquatic Icon: A Range-Wide Priority Setting Exercise for the Giant Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis)”, a milestone reference that outlines the next steps for conserving the species across its entire distribution range.

The result of a major international effort, the publication brings together the contributions of 40 experts from 12 countries. It consolidates current knowledge on the biology, ecology, and conservation status of the giant otter, while also identifying key strategic areas for its protection across South America. The book represents an important step toward strengthening public policy, supporting technical decisions, and promoting international cooperation in defense of the sentinel of the waters.

How the initiative began

The process began in 2018, during a workshop held in Puerto Maldonado, Peru, that brought together researchers and institutions from across South America. From the very beginning, The Giant Otter Project was involved through the participation of our president, Caroline Leuchtenberger, who contributed data and insights gained over almost two decades of experience in population monitoring and species conservation in Brazil.

What the publication presents

Organized into 17 chapters, the book covers topics ranging from the biology and ecology of the giant otter to detailed strategic recommendations aimed at strengthening long-term conservation efforts. One of the key outcomes is the identification of Priority Conservation Units (PCUs) — strategic areas with essential ecological characteristics where conservation actions are expected to yield the greatest impact.

These PCUs were defined based on a combination of criteria, including current and potential threats, relative species abundance, historical and current distribution, and the ecological importance of each area. This prioritization aims to guide future research, monitoring, and protection efforts, optimize the use of resources, and support conservation policies across the species’ range.

Why is this publication so important?

Currently listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List, the giant otter has already lost around 40% of its original distribution range. The species is considered extinct in Uruguay and possibly in Argentina — although recent records offer hope for recolonization. Giant otters face a complex scenario of threats, including habitat destruction, river pollution, climate change impacts, and the expansion of harmful human activities such as gold mining, agriculture, and unregulated tourism.

In this context, the book emerges as a critical tool to focus efforts where they are most urgently needed, fostering collaboration among countries, institutions, and researchers. The publication also underscores the need to expand scientific research in understudied regions, especially in the Amazon, where the species has an irregular distribution and large knowledge gaps still remain.

The Giant Otter Project’s contribution

In addition to participating in the design and development of the publication, The Giant Otter Project provided field data collected during monitoring activities in the Pantanal, Cerrado, and Brazilian Amazon regions. These data were essential for mapping the species’ distribution and identifying emerging conservation challenges.

“This publication is a landmark for giant otter conservation throughout South America. Being among the authors and partners of this international effort is a source of great pride for us and reinforces the value of the daily work we carry out in the field,” says Caroline Leuchtenberger, president and founder of the Giant Otter Project.

The book is available for free in digital format and can be accessed by anyone interested in learning more about the species and the strategies to protect it.

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Giant Otter Conservation Fund – CNPJ: 38.005.209/0001-10

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Jessika Albuquerque – graduated in Biological Sciences from the Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB, Campina Grande) and currently training as a Graphic Designer at the Centro de Capacitação Profissional InforQuality. She has experience in internships and volunteering in the areas of communication, with an emphasis on content production and social media management, science communication, environmental perception and education, experimental science teaching, and mammal conservation. At the Ariranhas Project, she works mainly in communication, managing and producing content for social media (Instagram, Threads, Facebook, LinkedIn, YouTube, and website), in addition to collaborating in the monitoring of giant otters in the Pantanal and in environmental awareness and education actions.

Greice Gonchoroski – Master’s student (CNPq scholarship) in the Postgraduate Program in Animal Biology (PPGBAN) – UFRGS. Veterinary from Centro Universitário Ritter dos Reis – UniRitter (PROUNI-MEC scholarship holder) working in the areas of Medicine and Conservation of Wild Animals, and Animal Parasitology. Collaborator in research projects in the area of ​​monitoring wild mammals and animal health at the Desidério Finamor Veterinary Research Institute – IPVDF.

Gabriela Duarte – Master in Biology from the University of São Paulo (USP), works in different areas of the Project, such as collecting and analyzing data on giant otters in the Southern Pantanal; carrying out educational/training activities that seek to increase information about otters and strengthen the public’s connection with this group of animals; and assistance to the team in administrative activities.

Gabriel Brutti – Founder of Projeto Dispersar, is a biologist, teacher and professional photographer. Graduated in Environmental Technician and Degree in Biological Sciences from the Instituto Federal Farroupilha (IFFar) Santa Rosa-RS campus, he worked as a scholarship holder and volunteer in research projects with birds in a set of extension projects focused on environmental education. He is currently a postgraduate student in Biodiversity and Conservation at the IFFar campus Panambi -RS and a member of the Giant Otter Project.

George Leandro – Biologist, Sanitarist. George has lived and worked professionally in some states in Brazil. He has experience with Conservation Parks management and with conservation of endangered species. He lived and worked with traditional populations in isolated areas, and he has participated with social projects and has worked in urban and rural areas.

Letícia Graciano – is illustrator and art educator, graduated in Visual Arts from the State University of Campinas. She researches childhood culture and she has worked in some NGOs in the state of São Paulo, providing artistic experiences for children and teenagers. Currently she is living with rural populations, and she has been engage with conservation projects in Brazil for a while.

Fernando Rodrigo Tortato – PhD in Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation. Fernando is associate researcher at the Panthera Foundation NGO and has been working for over 10 years on projects aimed at jaguar conservation. In his doctorate, he assessed how tourism can represent a tool for jaguar conservation in the Pantanal. In his field activities in the Pantanal the observation of giant otters is very frequent. Fernando is interested in understanding how tourism can affect the behavior and survival of this incredible mustelid. Fernando plays the role of collaborator of the Giant Otter Project, assisting in contacting with local leaders, logistical support and the dissemination of the actions developed by the project.

Nicole Duplaix – PhD in Ecology from the University of Paris, France. Nicole has studied otters for 45 years and is now focused on otter research and conservation in Asia and South America. She is the founder and co-chair of the IUCN-SSC otter expert group – the global otter conservation authority. She teaches Conservation Biology and Species Recovery Planning courses at Oregon State University.

Mariana Malzoni Furtado – Veterinary, graduated in 2002 from the University of São Paulo, with a doctorate in Science in 2010 from the Experimental Epidemiology Applied to Zoonoses Program at VPS/USP and a post-doctorate in Animal Epidemiology in 2014. She has worked for over 18 years in Wildlife Conservation in different Brazilian biomes such as Pantanal, Amazon, Cerrado and Caatinga, with emphasis on Conservation Medicine, Animal Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases and Interaction between domestic and wild animals. Researcher at Instituto Onça Pintada from 2003 to 2014, she has contributed to research projects in wildlife conservation, acting as a veterinarian and Conservation Medicine manager. She has experience with different methods of capturing wildlife, having anesthetized and managed more than 200 animals of different species, including jaguar, maned wolf, giant otter, ocelot, pampas cat, wild dog, peccary, giant armadillo, among others. Since 2007 she has been collaborating with giant otters’ research projects, performing captures and surgeries for implantation of radio transmitters and health assessment of the species. Always studying, publishing and contributing to the dissemination of Conservation Medicine and the importance of epidemiological wildlife studies.

Karen Arine Souza – Ecologist, Naturalist Tourism Guide for 10 years, she started guiding in the Pantanal and then moved to the Mato Grosso State. In 2020 she worked on the “Jaguar ID Project”, collecting data for the jaguars conservation and evaluating the jaguar population in the post-fire period. Karen currently participates in the Giant Otter Project actions envolving traditional communities in the Pantanal and helping to develop and apply good conduct practices in ecotourism aimed at giant otters. Karen is a founding member of the North Pantanal Tourism Association (Aecopan), being the administrative director from 2015 to 2017 and she currently is a member of the board. The AECOPAN aims to conserve the North Pantanal, using ecotourism as a social and environmental development tool, looking to develop a sustainable tourism.

Lívia Rodrigues de Almeida – Biologist and Environmental Analyst at the National Center for Research and Conservation of Carnivorous Mammals of ICMBio (ICMBio / CENAP). She began working with the ecology of otters in the state of Rio de Janeiro in 2002. Since 2011, Lívia has been working on the elaboration of conservation strategies for the endangered Brazilian fauna and the evaluation process of Brazilian carnivores extinction risk. She is also a member of the IUCN Otter Specialist Group.

Samara Almeida – Biologist and MSc in Biological Sciences. Samara has been working for the past 6 years with giant otters in the state of Tocantins, acting with conservation, monitoring, environmental education, communication and animal behavior. Currently Samara coordinates a research on acoustic communication of giant otters in the Cantão State Park, Tocantins, which is part of her PhD thesis.

Nathalie Foerster – Biologist and currently a PhD student at the Graduate Program in Ecology and Conservation at the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. Nathalie has been developing her PhD thesis on behavioral and bioacoustic ecology of giant otters in the Miranda region of the Pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul.

Grazielle Soresini – Veterinária, especialista em Clínica Médica e Cirúrgica de Animais Selvagens e mestre em Ciência Animal. Em 2019 Grazi finalizou seu doutorado em Ecologia e Conservação pela UFMS, realizando sua tese sobre genética e saúde de ariranhas. Atuou profissionalmente realizando atendimento veterinário clínico e cirúrgico em aves, répteis e mamíferos silvestres em diversas instituições. Sócia da Clínica Vida Livre – Medicina de Animais Selvagens (Curitiba/PR), primeira clínica veterinária do Brasil especializada em animais selvagens. Desde 2015 vem atuando em atividades de campo e monitoramento de grupos de ariranhas no Pantanal. É membro voluntário do Grupo de Especialistas em Lontras da IUCN (Otter Specialist Group) desde 2016.

Abigail Martin – American zoologist. In 2015 Abbie created the Jaguar Identification Project to instigate value to the world’s largest floodplain, the Pantanal. The Jaguar ID Project uses citizen science and camera traps to monitor the ecology and behavior of the jaguar population in the Encontro das Águas State Park and Porto Jofre region in the Northern Pantanal. Over the years watching jaguars along the region’s rivers, Abbie also follows the giant otter groups, contributing with information about the species and monitoring the groups that are focused by the project. Together her experience with the local community and the identification of jaguars has been contributing to the actions of the Giant Otter Project.

Caroline Leuchtenberger – Biologist. Coordinator and founder of the Giant Otter Project and professor at the Federal Farroupilha Institute. Since 2006 she has been conducting researches with the species that was the focal species for her master’s and doctorate. In 2013 she became the species coordinator of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) of the otter expert group. Carol has also advised on the development of the National Action Plan for the Conservation of Giant Otters coordinated by the Brazilian Environmental Agency (ICMBio) and the Global Strategic Plan for the Conservation of Otters carried out by the IUCN. In addition, Carol participates of the giant otters reintroduction program coordinated by the Rewilding Argentina Foundation, held in Iberá, Argentina.